1.  Explain the Exposure Triangle.

--> The term exposure triangle is widely used by photographers to refer to the three primary components of a camera system that a photographer adjusts to control exposure.

2.  List the 3 components and what each controls. 

• --> Aperture: it is adjusted by turning the innermost ring on the outside of the lens housing. It strongly influences the relative amount of depth of field in a shot. A series of f-stop numbers are printed on the outside surface of the ring, indicating the size of the aperture. It controls the amount of light reaching the film or image sensor. In combination with variation of shutter speed, the aperture size will regulate the film's or image sensor's degree of exposure to light.

• ~~~> IOS (film speed) : Film speed is the measure of a photographic film's sensitivity to light, determined by sensitometry and measured on various numerical scales, the most recent being the ISO system.

• ~~~> Shutter Speed:  is the length of time when the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light, also when a camera's shutter is open when taking a photograph. The amount of light that reaches the film or image sensor is proportional to the exposure time.

1.  Define Aspect Ratio

~ Aspect ratio is an indicator of the proportional relationship of the width to the height of the screen and is depicted with the expression x:y, where x equals the number of units wide and y equals the number of units high.While the physical size of a display screen can vary, the aspect ratio remains constant

2.  List the aspect ratios for the following formats:

• 10" tablet (9.7" display)
• 4:3
• Smartphone (4.7" display)
• 16:9
• Leaderboard Ad
• 728:90
• HDTV 16:9
• 16:9

3.  Explain the difference between Interlaced & Progressive scanning.  Embed an image(s) that illustrate each. 

~ Interlace scanning is used to minimize bandwidth use and flickering where progressive scanning is consecutively scanning lines of the picture from top to bottom, just as you type on a typerwriter. 

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1.  Define Graphic & Image.  What is the difference in the two?

~ A graphic is any type of visual presentation that can be displayed on a physical surface such as a sheet of paper, wall, poster, blackboard, or computer monitor where as an image is a two- or three-dimensional representation of a person, animal, object, or scene, in the nature world. 

2.  Explain the difference between Raster & Vector images.  What are the advantages/disadvantages of each?  Embed an image(s) that illustrates each.

~ A raster image is formed by dividing the area of an image into a rectangular matrix of rows and columns comprised of pixels where as a vector image defines the area of a picture  using paths made up of points, lines, curves, and shapes. An advantage is a simple data structure. Some disadvantages are an inaccurate area and graphical calculations and a large storage requirements. Vector images have crisp edges with no aliasing. They can be resized up or down to any size without negative consequences. Vector imaging uses mathematically constructed paths to define a graphic's visual structure. Some advantages are the definitions of the image quality will always remain the same and small file sizes. Some disadvantages are lower color quality and not good photographic images.

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3.  Why should you avoid upscaling whenever possible?

~ This should be avoided because when upscaling you change the quality of the pixels and you lose image detail and sharpness. The more you enlarge a raster image, the softer and fuzzier it becomes. For this specific reason, you should avoid upscaling. 

4.  What is the difference between Aliased and Anti-Aliased text?  Embed an image(s) that illustrates each.

~ Anti-aliasing smoothes out the edges of jagged type by blending the color transition points, such as the pixels along the edges of a letter. Aliasing is a stair-step effect caused by using square pixels to define objects with curves or diagonal lines. It has more extrusive jagged edges. 

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• Explain kerning and leading.  Also, explain why proper kerning and leading is so important in design. In addition, post a picture of bad kerning. 

• Kerning is the process of removing tiny units of space between characters to create visually consistent letter spacing. The larger the test, the more critical it is to adjust the spacing. Kerning is totally dependent on your eye; the computer cannot do it for you.

• Leading is used to define the amount of space between vertically adjacent lines of text. The term originated during the days of manual typesetting when thin strips of lead of various widths were used to separate the rows of metal typefaces. 

This is an example of bad kerning. The spacing is to close

1. What is HTML?

• HTML is short for Hypertext Markup Language. It is a standardized system for tagging text files to achieve font, color, graphic, and hyperlink effect on World Wide Web pages.

1. What are the sections of an HTML document?

• An HTML document us divided into three sections:

         ~Declarations- At the very top of the document, you should include at least a "doctype" declaration. This            bit of code has to be exactly right for the browser to interpret the page correctly. The browser needs to know whether the codes it's interpreting is HTML5 or an older version of HTML.

      ~Head- Like the head on a body, to some extent it controls what the body does. Most information you out    into your head is invisible to the user. This section of code is at the top of your page between the head pages (<head></head>)

      ~Body- Most of the information you place in the body is information you want the user to see or code that directly controls how and where this information shows up. This section of code is below the head and between the body tags (<body></body>)

1. What is found in the HTML head content?

• Your web page head controls what the user sees at the top of the browser and the tab. You have to include title tags (<title></titles); whats between them will appear as text on the tav and at the top of the browser. You could also include a link to a small image called a favicon. 

->Links to external style sheets )separate files that control how pages look

--> Style information (if you choose to control styles within the file rather than from a separate file)

--->Metadate~ information about the HTML document such as the author, language of the content, character encoding, keywords that help a search engine find your page {in meta tags (<meta></meta>) }

---->Links to other external script files, such as separate files with JavaScript

-----> Tags that indicate which scripts are used in the body

Pull up one of your favorite websites.  On a blank piece of paper, or graph paper, draw the grid system that website's homepage and 2 additional pages use.  You should have 3 NEAT drawings.  Reference figure 5.11 for your drawings (you do not need pixel sizes).  Scan or take clear pictures of your drawings.   

In a new post on your blog,  give me the link of the website you referenced and embed the three photos of your drawings. 

explain what is visual hierarchy and why is it important?

• Visual hierarchy refers to the perceived ordering of content within a page by the reader. Visual hierarchy can improve the order and flow of content on a multimedia page. In other words, visual hierarchy influences the order in which the human eye perceives what it sees. This order is created by the visual contrast between forms in a field of perception.
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